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Hybrid Particle Swarm and Gravitational Search Optimization for Intelligent Battery Health Estimation
(IEEE, 2026) M. S. Hossain Lipu, Md Ibrahim, Shaheer Ansari, Kashem Muttaqi, Danny Sutanto
This paper presents a novel hybrid optimization framework for data-driven estimation of the state of health (SoH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Existing data-driven SoH estimation methods struggle to select suitable model hyperparameters that consider capacity regeneration phenomena and to identify meaningful data samples from LIB parameters. The specific contribution to this research lies in the integrated optimization strategy, which bridges the limitations mentioned. The dataset has 31 features, comprising MIT-Stanford lithium-ion battery profiles. It employs an intelligent hybrid approach that combines the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) with particle swarm optimization (PSO) to fine-tune recurrent neural network (RNN) parameters, such as the hidden layer neurons and learning rate. The combined GSA and PSO algorithms integrated with RNN improve the SoH estimation accuracy through better search efficiency and faster convergence. The 31 LIB parameter samples are closely linked to capacity degradation and are well-suited to form the data framework. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy in SoH estimation, particularly when applied to cell c33 from MIT-Stanford lithium-ion battery profiles. Results show that the RNN optimized with the GSA-PSO algorithm for the c33 dataset achieved a mean squared error (MSE) of 1.30×10−8, a root mean square error (RMSE) of approximately 0.0142, and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.0096.
Mitochondria and cancer diagnosis
(Elsevier, 2026) Sanjesh Kumar, Riya Dave, Sumel Ashique , Mohhammad Ramzan, Anas Islam
Mitochondria, beyond their canonical role in ATP production, are central regulators of cancer metabolism, signaling, and progression. Research findings indicate a significant association between mitochondrial dysfunction and oncogenesis, affecting metabolic reprogramming, cellular plasticity, and therapeutic resistance. With important regulators such HIF-1α, PGC-1α, and AMPK dictating metabolic plasticity, mitochondrial metabolism in cancer shows a change between oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). As tumor development, invasion, and chemoresistance are enhanced by oncogenic mitochondrial fission mediated by DRP1 and FIS1, apoptosis resistance is impacted by aberrant fusion regulated by MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1. Mitochondrial retrograde signaling, facilitated by ROS, NF-κB, ATF4, and UPRmt, enhances cancer progression and immune evasion by the reprogramming of nuclear gene expression. In breast, colorectal, and hepatocellular cancer, mtDNA mutations in the ND1, ND5, COX1, and CYTB genes are common. Mutations show their biomarker potential. Released circulating cell-free mtDNA (cf-mtDNA) into the circulation suggests a noninvasive approach to assessing tumor stage, oxidative damage (8-OHdG), and changes in mtDNA copy number. Additionally, changes to the tRNA and rRNA genes in the mitochondria affect translational efficiency, which leads to metabolic dysregulation in cancers. Using mitochondrial markers for cancer diagnosis offers creative ideas for precision oncology and could change early identification and prognostic evaluation. The present chapter highlights the critical importance of including biomarkers related to mitochondria in liquid biopsies to facilitate therapeutic approaches that target mitochondria.
Digital Pedagogy and Equity: Redefining Teacher Training in the Age of Blended Learning
(Book Rivers, 2025) Suman P.Ranjan
This chapter examines the fundamental transformation of teacher education driven by educational technology (EdTech), positioning technology as a transformative agent rather than just a tool. It advocates for equipping future educators with a 'Digital Compass,' emphasizing the integration of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) to foster creativity and data-informed instruction. The discussion analyzes innovative delivery models, including blended learning and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), highlighting their potential for accessibility and personalized continuous professional development. Crucially, the chapter addresses the significant challenges posed by the digital divide, particularly in rural settings, proposing human-centric strategies like low-bandwidth solutions and peer mentorship to ensure equity. Ultimately, it argues that successful digital integration must liberate teachers for high-value human interactions-mentoring and creative design ensuring technology serves pedagogical goals and maintains the essential human connection at the heart of learning.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH: A MARKETING 5.0 PERSPECTIVE IN EMERGING ECONOMIES
(Empyreal Publishing House, 2026) Pratima Shukla, Zia Afroz, Athar Khak
Significant changes have been observed in consumer behavior and business practice due to the rapid development of digital technology, especially in the context of emerging markets. This research paper attempts to understand the implications of Marketing 5.0 on the process of digital transformation and sustainable development, with a special emphasis on the case of India. Marketing 5.0 combines the application of advanced technology like artificial intelligence, big data, and automation with a humanistic approach to improve customer engagement and decision-making processes. The major factors influencing the process of digital transformation have been identified as internet connectivity, the adoption of smartphones, the growth of electronic commerce, and government initiatives. The research has also explored the implications of the process of digital transformation on consumer behavior and business practices. The major challenges to the process of digital transformation include the digital divide, skill gaps, and data privacy issues. The research has found that Marketing 5.0 can act as a strategic tool to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth in the context of emerging markets.
Future Generation Elastic Optical Networks: A State-of-Art Review
(Springer, Singapore, 2024) Sudhakar, A. M. Khan, Deepak Batham
The wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology is widely used in optical communication networks that provide bandwidth up to 10 Tbps, but these networks are unable to meet the emerging demands of heterogeneous, high, and flexible bandwidth traffic. To cater to these issues, elastic optical networks (EONs) have become the best solution for the torrent of flexible Internet traffic demands. In view of these, the advanced modulation format techniques such as BPSK, QPSK, and 16-QAM are used in EONs for the high-speed data transmission and the establishment of the lightpath (i.e., optical path between the source and the destination nodes) which is adjusted based on the client's need. In this paper, the broad review of literature has been presented and classifies the routing and spectrum allocation (RSA) problem in EONs with their main features and shortcomings. Apart from that, various aspects of fragmentation, modulation technology, quality-of-transmission, traffic grooming, survivability, energy savings, and network traffic scheduling are discussed in brief. Based on the thorough study, we identify the major research challenges which open huge opportunity for the researchers in the flexible technology-based EONs.