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Advances in MOF Fabrication Techniques: Tuning Material Properties for Specific Applications †
(MDPI, 2026) Deepanjali Bisht, Satya Satya, Tahmeena Khan, Seema Joshi
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of porous crystalline materials, consists of metal ions or clusters coordinated to organic linkers. The unique features of MOFs such as exceptionally high surface area, chemical versatility, and tunable porosity make them highly suitable for several applications, including gas storage, drug delivery, catalysis, and sensing. Various synthesis techniques, including solvothermal, hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, mechanochemical, electrochemical, and sonochemical methods, have been used for the fabrication of MOFs. The selection and optimization of synthesis technique significantly influence the fundamental framework structure, the existence of defects, the available active sites, and the effectiveness of MOFs in special applications. This study focuses on advances in MOF fabrication techniques and examines their role in tuning the key properties of MOFs for targeted applications. The insights of this work may guide researchers in selecting or designing appropriate fabrication strategies for application-specific development of MOFs.
Photocatalytic Activity of ZnFe2O4 for the Degradation of Fast Green FCF and Orange II †
(MDPI, 2026) Nashra Fatima, Ekhlakh Veg, Srishti Dwivedi, Anushka Pandey, Tahmeena Khan
In recent years, photocatalysis using semiconductor materials has gained significant attention as an effective strategy for dye degradation under mild conditions. Among various metal oxide photocatalysts, zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) has gained attention due to its narrow band gap, good stability, low cost, and activation under visible light. ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a co-precipitation process and tested for their photocatalytic effectiveness in degrading synthetic dyes Fast Green FCF and Orange II Sodium Salt under visible light. This study emphasizes the benefits of utilizing ZnFe2O4 as a visible light-activated, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly photocatalyst. These findings add to the growing research on wastewater treatment options.
Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Degradation of Fast Green FCF and Orange II Dye by Yb2O3 Nanoparticles †
(MDPI, 2026) Nashra Fatima, Ekhlakh Veg, Tahmeena Khan
The quest for efficient photocatalytic materials for eliminating synthetic dyes like Orange II Sodium Salt and Fast Green FCF (For Coloring Food) has been spurred by the mounting environmental problems associated with these dyes. Due to their excellent electrical characteristics, thermal stability, and potential to reduce electron–hole recombination, ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3) and other rare-earth metal oxides are gaining popularity. This study synthesized Yb2O3 nanoparticles and assessed their photocatalytic activity when exposed to visible light. Significant degradation efficiencies were revealed by the spectrophotometric analysis, suggesting that Yb2O3 is an effective nanocatalyst for dye remediation applications. The results demonstrate how rare-earth-based nanomaterials can improve environmentally friendly and sustainable wastewater treatment methods, supporting ongoing environmental cleanup initiatives.
The Potentiality of Vanadium Complexes as Antibacterial Agents †
(MDPI, 2026) Kulsum Hashmi, Satya, Priya Mishra, Ekhlakh Veg, Tahmeena Khan, Seema Joshi
Metal ions and ligand binding are crucial in various biological processes, and their rational design can be used to develop novel therapeutic drugs and diagnostic tools. Metal atoms are soluble in biological fluids due to their ability to easily lose electrons and form positively charged ions. Because of their electron deficiency, they can interact with electron-rich biomolecules like proteins and DNA, and potentially participate in catalytic mechanisms or stabilize their tertiary or quaternary structures. Antibacterial resistance has become a major global concern and requires novel strategies to combat resistance mechanisms in infectious microbes.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Brilliant Blue FCF Dye Using Biosynthesized ZnO Nanoparticles †
(MDPI, 2026) Ekhlakh Veg, Nashra Fatima, Tahmeena Khan
In recent years, photocatalysis based on metal oxides has gained significant attention as an effective and environmentally sustainable strategy for the degradation of dye pollutants under mild operating conditions. Among the various metal oxide photocatalysts, zinc oxide (ZnO) is particularly attractive due to its appropriate band gap, excellent chemical stability, low cost, and capability to operate under visible light. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were green-synthesized using Livistona chinensis leaf extract and subsequently assessed for their photocatalytic performance in the degradation of the synthetic dye Brilliant Blue FCF. The synthesized ZnO NPs achieved approximately 76% dye removal within 90 min of visible light irradiation. These findings demonstrate the potential of ZnO NPs as an efficient, economical, and eco-friendly visible-light-driven photocatalyst, supporting their application in sustainable wastewater remediation.