Browsing by Author "Aafreen"

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    Assessment of Higher Mental Functions
    (CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India, 2026) Aafreen
    This chapter discusses the assessment of higher mental functions, which are essential for understanding an individual's cognitive abilities and neurological status. It covers the definition and neurobiology of higher mental functions, along with various techniques used for their clinical assessment. The chapter explores the interpretation of assessment findings, clinical relevance, and the importance of accurate and comprehensive evaluation. It also addresses domain-specific assessment techniques and differential diagnosis based on assessment results. Furthermore, case studies are included to support clinical reasoning and the practical application of assessment procedures in physiotherapy and neurological rehabilitation.
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    Reflexes Assessment
    (CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India., 2026) Aafreen
    This chapter focuses on the assessment of reflexes as an essential component of neurological and physical examination in physiotherapy. It explains the anatomy and physiology of the reflex arc, including its receptors, sensory pathways, integrating centres, motor pathways, and effector organs. The chapter discusses the classification of reflexes and the procedures involved in their clinical examination. It covers deep tendon reflexes, superficial reflexes, and pathological reflexes, along with their elicitation techniques, expected responses, and clinical interpretation. It also highlights the importance of reflex grading and the identification of abnormal responses in evaluating neurological function. The chapter emphasizes the clinical relevance of reflex assessment in identifying nervous system dysfunction and supporting appropriate physiotherapy management.