Browsing by Author "Ambrina Sardar Khan"

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CLIMATE RESILIENCE: BASIC CONCEPTS AND UNDER- STANDING FOR CLIMATIC STUDY
(M/S Academic Publishers & Distributors, Lucknow, 2024) Ambrina Sardar Khan; Mohd. Kashif Khan, Prateek Srivastava
Climate resilience is a crucial concept in the face of increasing climate change impacts. As global temperatures rise, extreme weather events become more frequent and sea levels continue to rise, societies and ecosystems are at greater risk. Climate resilience encompasses a set of strategies and measures aimed at building the capacity of systems and communities to adapt, withstand and recover from these impacts. This abstract provides an overview of the key aspects related to climate resilience. The chapter begins by defining climate resilience as the ability of a system or community to anticipate, absorb, adapt to and recover from climate change impacts, while maintaining essential functions and structures. It emphasizes the integration of climate considerations into decision- making processes, the implementation of adaptation and mitigation measures and the promotion of sustainable development practices. Basic concepts related to climate resilience are then presented. These concepts include adaptation, which involves adjusting to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience; mitigation, which focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change; vulnerability, which refers to the susceptibility of a system or community to climate change impacts; and resilience-building, which entails implementing strategies to enhance capacity to withstand and recover from climate change. The other important concepts highlighted in the chapter include risk assessment, which evaluates potential climate-related risks and their impacts; adaptive capacity, which relates to the ability to adjust and respond to climate change; cross-sectoral collaboration, emphasizing the importance of integrating efforts across different sectors and stakeholders; nature- based solutions, which harness ecosystem functions to enhance resilience; climate justice, ensuring equitable distribution of costs and benefits; and long-term planning, considering future scenarios and developing strategies for changing conditions. The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of climate resilience, highlighting its importance in addressing climate change impacts. Understanding and implementing the basic concepts related to climate resilience is crucial for building a sustainable and resilient future.
CLIMATE RESILIENCE: BASIC CONCEPTS AND UNDER- STANDING FOR CLIMATIC STUDY
(M/S Academic Publishers & Distributors, Lucknow, India, 2024) Ambrina Sardar Khan; Mohd. Kashif Khan,Prateek Srivastava
Climate resilience is a crucial concept in the face of increasing climate change impacts. As global temperatures rise, extreme weather events become more frequent and sea levels continue to rise, societies and ecosystems are at greater risk. Climate resilience encompasses a set of strategies and measures aimed at building the capacity of systems and communities to adapt, withstand and recover from these impacts. This abstract provides an overview of the key aspects related to climate resilience. The chapter begins by defining climate resilience as the ability of a system or community to anticipate, absorb, adapt to and recover from climate change impacts, while maintaining essential functions and structures. It emphasizes the integration of climate considerations into decision- making processes, the implementation of adaptation and mitigation measures and the promotion of sustainable development practices. Basic concepts related to climate resilience are then presented. These concepts include adaptation, which involves adjusting to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience; mitigation, which focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change; vulnerability, which refers to the susceptibility of a system or community to climate change impacts; and resilience-building, which entails implementing strategies to enhance capacity to withstand and recover from climate change. The other important concepts highlighted in the chapter include risk assessment, which evaluates potential climate-related risks and their impacts; adaptive capacity, which relates to the ability to adjust and respond to climate change; cross-sectoral collaboration, emphasizing the importance of integrating efforts across different sectors and stakeholders; nature- based solutions, which harness ecosystem functions to enhance resilience; climate justice, ensuring equitable distribution of costs and benefits; and long-term planning, considering future scenarios and developing strategies for changing conditions. The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of climate resilience, highlighting its importance in addressing climate change impacts. Understanding and implementing the basic concepts related to climate resilience is crucial for building a sustainable and resilient future.
Particle Pollution and Health – Risk and Resilience Evaluation
(Springer, Cham, 2024) Ambrina Sardar Khan; Prateek Srivastava
Particle pollution, commonly referred to as particulate matter (PM), is a multifaceted assemblage of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended within the atmosphere. These particles emanate from diverse sources, encompassing vehicular emissions, industrial processes, construction activities, and natural contributors like dust and pollen (Guan et al., Environ Pollut 230:189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.045, 2017). The variegated composition and size distribution of these particles bestow upon them a spectrum of effects on human health and the environment (Katsouyanni et al., J Epidemiol Community Health 50(Suppl 1):S12–S18, 1996). The study provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate interplay between particle pollution and its multifarious impacts on human health, with a specific focus on the rigorous evaluation of associated risks and the strategic development of resilience (Kumar and Mishra, J Transp Health 10:132–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.05.013, 2018). Empirical research consistently highlights a robust link between heightened exposure to particle pollution and an array of deleterious health outcomes. These effects span both short-term and long-term dimensions (Katsouyanni et al., J Epidemiol Community Health 50(Suppl 1):S12–S18, 1996). In the short term, exposure to escalated levels of particle pollution is correlated with the exacerbation of respiratory and cardiovascular conditions, thereby leading to a notable upsurge in hospital admissions and mortality rates. Over protracted periods, persistent exposure to particle pollution has been causally connected to chronic respiratory ailments, cardiovascular diseases, and even neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, certain segments of the population, including children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health vulnerabilities, demonstrate heightened susceptibility to the detrimental impacts of particle pollution. The evaluation of risks associated with particle pollution necessitates a comprehensive and multifaceted approach, encompassing various scientific methodologies. This includes the undertaking of rigorous epidemiological studies to elucidate the intricate relationships between particle exposure and diverse health outcomes. Concurrently, toxicological investigations are pivotal in uncovering the mechanistic underpinnings of these effects at the cellular and molecular levels. Moreover, the establishment and enforcement of stringent air quality standards and regulations by governmental bodies assume paramount importance in mitigating exposure levels and curtailing associated health risks. However, persistent challenges persist in elucidating the intricate composition and sourcing of particulate matter, as well as in forecasting its intricate dispersion dynamics and exposure patterns across diverse and dynamic environmental contexts (Guan et al., Environ Pollut 230:189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.045, 2017). In response to these challenges, the paradigm of resilience emerges as a pivotal framework for enhancing societies’ adaptive capacity in the face of particle pollution-induced health challenges. The construct of resilience entails the development and implementation of comprehensive strategies that seamlessly integrate urban planning, judicious public health interventions, and cutting-edge technological innovations. Such strategies encompass the integration of green infrastructure to mitigate pollution, the optimization of transportation systems to minimize emissions, and the establishment of real-time air quality monitoring networks to enable timely and informed responses. Furthermore, nurturing resilience at both individual and communal levels necessitates the dissemination of accurate and actionable information concerning air quality and the adoption of health-protective measures (Argyroudis et al., Reliab Eng Syst Saf 191:106567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2019.106567, 2019; Akiyama et al., Struct Infrastruct Eng 16(1):26–50, 2020).
Resilience & Vulnerability: Concepts and Policy Contexts
(Springer, Cham, 2024) Syed Shahid Mazhar; Farhina Sardar Khan; Prateek Srivastava; Ambrina Sardar Khan
Climate change is an unparalleled global challenge, with profound implications for the environment, societies, and economies. As the Earth’s climate continues to evolve, the twin concepts of resilience and vulnerability have emerged as essential lenses through which to understand and address its complex, multifaceted impacts. This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of these critical concepts, alongside a detailed analysis of the policy frameworks and strategies that underpin the global response to climate change. The foundation of this chapter lies in a meticulous examination of the evolving climate landscape, the intricate web of factors contributing to climate change and its far-reaching impacts. Setting the stage for the urgent need for resilience and vulnerability assessments. We then delve deeply into the concept of resilience, dissecting its multifaceted nature by encompassing not only ecological aspects but also social and economic dimensions. We elucidate the methodologies for assessing and measuring resilience, essential for informed policy development. Vulnerability, another key concept, is scrutinized with equal rigor. We explore established frameworks and methodologies for assessing vulnerability, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the existing tools available to policymakers, researchers, and practitioners. Drawing upon the rich tapestry of Indian and international research, the chapter explores the specific challenges and vulnerabilities faced by India in the context of climate change. Case studies and empirical evidence from India provide real-world insights into the complexities of resilience and vulnerability, offering valuable lessons for both national and international audiences. Internationally, the chapter conducts a comparative analysis, revealing how different countries face unique climate challenges and employ a myriad of strategies to address resilience and vulnerability. It explores the significance of international agreements and frameworks, such as the Paris Agreement and the Sendai Framework, in shaping the global response to climate change. The chapter highlights the emerging trends in climate research and policy development, discussing evolving paradigms and innovative solutions. It also highlights the ongoing challenges that require concerted global efforts. It serves as a comprehensive guide to the fundamental concepts of resilience and vulnerability in the context of climate change. It presents a wealth of scientific knowledge, empirical evidence, and policy insights from India and around the world. By advancing our understanding of these concepts and their policy implications, it equips readers with the knowledge needed to tackle one of the most pressing challenges of our time – climate change.
Revisiting Digital India 2.0: Exploring New Horizon and Insights
(IGI Global, 2024) Farheen Zehra; Farhina Sardar Khan; Syed Shahid Mazhar; Ambrina Sardar Khan
Technology has become a crucial part of people's lives. Digitization has become essential for its seamless communication and omnipresent access to information. This chapter delves into the transformative landscape of technology and its impact on India's digital progression. This topic encapsulates a diverse range of facets essential for understanding the ever-evolving digital paradigm in the country. It aims to provide new insights into innovative advancements and the potential for growth in various sectors. This chapter is an in-depth examination of complex technological advancements that have been and will continue to change India's socioeconomic landscape. The report covers integrating emerging and disruptive technologies, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, and the internet of things (IoT), in various domains. This chapter illustrates the profound transformation held in various segments, namely, digital technology, online infrastructure, internet connectivity, smart cities, digital literacy, knowledge-driven economy and e-services