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    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Diabetes Mellitus: From Pathophysiology to Pharmacotherapy
    (LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Republic of Moldova, 2026) Javed Akhtar Ansari, Mohd. Arham
    Diabetes mellitus is a major chronic metabolic disorder requiring comprehensive and individualized therapeutic management to achieve glycemic control, prevent complications, and improve patients’ quality of life. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Diabetes Mellitus provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific principles and clinical practices underlying the pharmacological management of diabetes mellitus. This book begins with the foundations of clinical pharmacology, emphasizing pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacogenetics, rational pharmacotherapy, medication adherence, and medication safety. It subsequently examines the pathophysiology and clinical classification of diabetes, highlighting the mechanisms responsible for insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. The book further explores contemporary pharmacological approaches to diabetes management, including oral glucose-lowering agents, incretin-based therapies, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and insulin preparations. Particular attention is given to their mechanisms of action, therapeutic benefits, adverse effects, contraindications, drug interactions, and clinical monitoring requirements. The role of insulin in type 1 diabetes and the management of challenging clinical situations in diabetes care is also addressed. In addition, the volume considers the importance of cardiovascular and renal protection, weight management, combination therapy, and appropriate treatment intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes. Medication safety remains a central theme throughout the book, with emphasis on medication errors, adverse drug reactions, polypharmacy, treatment complexity, and adherence-related challenges. By integrating fundamental pharmacological concepts with clinically relevant therapeutic applications, this volume aims to support pharmacy and medical students, postgraduate researchers, clinical pharmacists, and healthcare professionals in developing a structured understanding of diabetes pharmacotherapy. Overall, the book emphasizes evidence-based prescribing, individualized treatment, medication safety, and patient-centred care as essential principles for optimizing therapeutic outcomes and reducing the long-term burden of diabetes mellitus.
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    NATURAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TYPE 2 DEBATES: AN IN-SILICO APPROACH
    (Aargon Press, New Delhi, 2021) Suhail Ahmad , Alvina Farooqui
    Diabetes Mellitus is one of the utmost potent a metabolic disorder of proteins, fatsand carbohydrate metabolism which is characterized by post prandial and high fasting blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus results the production of insulin is less or dysfunction of insulin. Cyanobacteria are reflected good candidates for applications in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and food industry. There are many activities of cyanobacteria have been reported which is antimalarial, antilarvicidal, anticancer, antioxidants, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, algaecides, and cytotoxic activities. Recently, much attention has been given to bioactive compounds that may be beneficial for the prevention of diabetes. Much evidence exists that flavonoids, such as quercetin, anthocyanins, genistein, vitamins, such as vitamin D and C, and EGCG enhance beta-cell function, lead to glucose easiness in animal models and humans, and protect against diabetes. In silico or computational techniques play an important role in investigating multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) with cost and time benefits. Several in silico techniques have been evolved, which can be divided into two major application areas, ie, ligand-based drug design and structure-based drug design. Ligand-based drug design (LBDD) techniques like quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) rely on knowledge of diverse ligands that interact with the biological targets of interest.