Books/Book Chapters/Edited Books

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    Exploration of Advances in Sustainable Nanomaterials in Textile Industries
    (Springer Nature, 2024) Tahmeena Khan, Saman Raza, Shashi Bala
    The modern textile industry is observing a constant demand for novel and sustainable fabrics resulting in huge improvements in mechanical strength, texture and durability by infusing elements of nanotechnology. In recent times the advent of smart textiles has resulted from the combination of conventional materials with smart nanomaterials. Smart textiles or fabrics can adapt to different environmental conditions by altering their characteristic features accordingly. Nanotechnology is being explored to design sustainable fabrics which are infused with different prop- erties like microbial and ultraviolet resistance, hydrophobic, etc. This chapter aims to explore the recent advances in the field of textile designing via the conjugation of nanotechnology. The advances which are of great utility such as the introduction and functionalization of nanomaterials in textiles and the development of smart and cost-effective, efficient and wearable fibres for the fashion industry, personal and healthcare are summarized in the chapter. Along with the benefits, drawbacks like the nanotoxicity of the fabricated textiles and the remedial strategies are also discussed.
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    A Brief History of the Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials
    (Apple Academic Press, 2024) Atif Husain, Malik Nasibullah
    Over the last few decades, green and sustainable processes have undergone a rapid metamorphosis into key strategic methods to address the majority of the drawbacks of conventional synthesis. Continual progression in the field of green synthesis has contributed vastly to the development of greener pathways leading to the establishment of newer, efficient, cleaner pathways at no cost of environmental sustainability. To overcome these, a search for a reliant and environmentally friendly pathway by minimizing the use of potentially hazardous substances and adherence to “green synthesis”, processes is the need of the hour. In establishing these pathways in the exploitation of environmentally friendly synthesis approaches, there is a brighter scope in the nurturance of remedial measures for the environment paving the way for nanoremediation. This necessity has become a driving factor in the creation of new research achievements in the same sector in creating a new, eco-friendly, and regenerative platform for both nanoremediation and green chemistry. Despite the tremendous development of this sector over the last 10 years, it is continuously growing with more effect. Because nanotechnology is multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary, the relationship between green chemistry and sustainability has shown to be a good element. Thus, the confluence of three major domains of research, namely Green Chemistry, Nanotechnology, and Sustainability, produces enhanced, unique, and much better necessary areas of study to cope with a decrease in environmental repercussions.
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    Development of Green Carbon Dots for the Detection of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater
    (ACS, 2025) Nafees Ahmad, Neda Afreen, Mohsin Vahid Khan, Saimah Khan, Naseem Ahmad, Mohammad Shahadat, Ameer Azam
    The rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to the emergence of various contaminants in wastewater, posing significant environmental and health concerns. This chapter explores the development of Green Carbon Dots (GCDs) as a novel and sustainable nanomaterial for the detection of emerging contaminants in wastewater. Green synthesis methods, emphasizing environmentally friendly approaches, are discussed, highlighting the importance of tailoring GCD properties for efficient sensing applications. The optical properties, surface chemistry, and biocompatibility of GCDs are elucidated, showcasing their potential as versatile nanoprobes. The chapter provides an overview of common emerging contaminants in wastewater, discussing their environmental impact and the limitations of traditional detection methods. The detection mechanisms involving the interaction between GCDs and emerging contaminants are detailed, focusing on the principles of sensitivity and selectivity for accurate analysis. Applications of GCDs in detecting pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and microplastics are explored through case studies, emphasizing successful real-world implementations and comparative analyses with traditional methods. Challenges in the use of GCDs for wastewater sensing are addressed, along with strategies for overcoming limitations and improving performance. Furthermore, the chapter delves into the environmental and regulatory considerations associated with the detection of emerging contaminants, discussing the implications.
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    Graphyne-Based Carbon Nanomaterials for Green Energy Applications
    (Wiley, IEEE Press, 2025) Kulsum Hashmi, Mohammad Imran Ahmad, Saman Raza, Nidhi Mishra, Seema Joshi, Tahmeena Khan
    Graphynes (GYs) and their family are new allotropes of carbon in a two-dimensional form with sp and sp 2 hybridization. Graphdiyne (GDY) was one of the foremost among this group of carbon allotropes to be formulated efficaciously and different forms of GY have found numerous applications. GYs have several unique characteristics that make them highly useful materials in a variety of fields. The results of different studies have shown that graphyne-based materials with different 2D and 3D frameworks can be used to prepare better energy storage and conversion devices than conventional materials such as metal oxides. This chapter elaborates on the development of GYs, their properties, and recent research on GY-based green energy applications in devices like fuel and solar cells, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors (SCs), and dye-sensitization solar cells. Furthermore, the use of 3D printing technologies for the development of GY-based materials and their application in green energy devices has been highlighted with an emphasis on their potential for sustainable development.
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    A Futuristic Approach on the Multifunctionality of Nanomaterials: Relevance of Nanoparticles
    (IGI Gobal, 2024) Faria Fatima
    The realm of analytical chemistry has been invigorated by the advent of multifunctional nanoparticles. Nanomaterials, with their distinct properties stemming from quantum effects and high surface-to-volume ratios, are poised to reshape industries ranging from electronics to medicine and environmental sustainability as they deliver unprecedented performance by integrating semiconducting, plasmonic, and piezoelectronic properties. Furthermore, multifunctional nano species play a pivotal role in personalized medicine and targeted therapies. Magnetic nanoparticles respond to magnetic fields and are employed in hyperthermia therapy and targeted drug delivery. The utilization of nanostructures for promoting environmental sustainability is highly commendable. They have the remarkable ability to pinpoint pollutants and their degradation. Therefore, as the research progresses, there are transformative breakthroughs to harness the multifunctionality of nanomaterials across scientific domains, driving society towards a future characterized by technological marvels and sustainable progress.
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    Hybrid Nanomaterials: A Sustainable Tool to Detect Environmental Problems
    (IGI Gobal, 2024) Faria Fatima
    Hybrid nanomaterials, a novel class formed by integrating organic and inorganic components at the nanoscale, have gained attention in nanotechnology and materials science. This synergy creates structures with enhanced functionalities. In environmental detection, they play a crucial role due to their sustainable and cutting-edge attributes. This chapter examines their pivotal role in addressing environmental issues, leveraging diverse nanomaterial properties. With tunable properties, high surface area, and sensitivity, hybrid nanomaterials are ideal for sensing environmental parameters. Their sustainability aligns with the global push for eco-friendly solutions, extending to applications in renewable energy and waste reduction. The chapter explores synthesis methods, sensor design intricacies, and applications, highlighting their potential to revolutionize environmental monitoring and contribute to a sustainable future through advancements in detection technologies.
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    Environment of Lignocellulosic Waste to Biofuel
    (Springer, Singapore, 2024) Akhtar Hussain; Ayush Saxena, Irum; Alvina Farooqui; Mohammad Ashfaque
    Under the major crises of environmental degradation and global warming, the world’s environment is failing. Green energy solutions must be taken into consideration in order to address these issues, which calls for increased efforts to minimize carbon dioxide emissions. Reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions are two major goals of renewable energy sources. Attention has already been drawn globally to the use of renewable biomass resources for the manufacture of biofuels. Current research and technology advancements have made it possible to produce second-generation biofuels from a variety of feedstocks, including agricultural waste, crop leftovers, and cellulosic biomass from high-yielding grass species. An environmentally responsible, sustainable, and possibly effective alternative to fossil fuels is the manufacture of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. However, because of their heterogeneous multiscale structure, lignocellulosic materials are difficult to valorize and show resistance to enzyme hydrolysis or saccharification. Various pretreatment techniques involving chemical, physical, and biological methods have been widely used to overcome this problem. These pretreatment methods can be combined to increase the yield of second-generation biofuels. The second generation has the greatest potential for producing biofuels; hence, this chapter primarily concentrates on modern techniques in research and development.
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    Advances in Nanocatalysts Mediated Biodiesel Production
    (Springer, Singapore, 2024) Vaishnavi Mishra, Parnika Mishra, Diksha Sharma, Priyanka Yadav, Priyanka Dubey, Gyanendra Tripathi, Vishal Mishra & Alvina Farooqui
    The area of biodiesel production has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, propelled by the exploration of nanocatalysts as efficient agents in the process of transesterification. Nanocatalysts, with their high surface area and enhanced catalytic activity, have emerged as key contributors to the optimization of biodiesel production processes. Various reviews have revealed nanocatalysts, including metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, and hybrid materials, assessing their catalytic efficiency and stability in transesterification reactions. Researchers have successfully tailored nanocatalysts to exhibit superior performance in converting triglycerides to biodiesel, addressing challenges associated with traditional catalysts such as low reusability and selectivity. In this chapter, we will discuss the implications of the above-mentioned advancements on the scalability and economic viability of biodiesel production. The integration of nanocatalysts not only accelerates reaction kinetics but also facilitates the use of diverse feedstocks, expanding the potential sources for the production of biodiesel. The environmental sustainability of these nanocatalysts, including their recyclability and reduced waste generation, is also discussed. The findings presented in this research hold promise for a more sustainable and efficient future in the realm of biofuel production. In short, the present chapter gives a transformative impact of nanotechnology on the synthesis of biodiesel.