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    Amelioration in Water Quality of Aquatic Ecosystems Contaminated with Inorganic Pollutants: Applications of Promising Phytoremediation Technique
    (Academic Publishers & Distributers, 2024) Monowar Alam Khalid
    Water the elixir of life has a unique role in sustaining the life of on earth. Increase in water contamination with inorganic pollutants has become a serious concern nowadays due to the increasing unsustainable developmental activities. Production processes carried at high energy inputs, discharge of untreated municipal and industrial wastewater coupled with runoff from agricultural fields leads to the build-up of toxic inorganic pollutants like heavy metals and reactive nitrogenous species (RNS) into the water bodies. Intake of water contaminated with heavy metals and nitrogenous ions (nitrate, nitrite and ammonium) by humans and other life forms causes disruption of numerous metabolic activities which can lead to neurological, cardiovascular, renal and other ailments. Of the technologies available for remediating contaminated water, phytoremediation using aquatic plants is promising because of its low cost compared to conventional physical or chemical methods, fewer negative effects and suitability for removal of pollutants on a large scale. Water remediation by macrophytes can be greatly enhanced by selection of appropriate plant species which is based on the types of elements to be remediated, the geographic location, microclimate, hydrologic conditions, known accumulation capacities of the species etc. Phytoremediation is an economical, eco-friendly and aesthetically pleasing technology that makes the use of plant systems to remove and/or detoxify pollutants from the water environment.
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    Nitrogenous fuels recovery from municipal wastewater treatment plants
    (Elsevier, 2023) Mohammed Haris Siddiqui; Anjali Singh , Dhananjay Singh , Nishu Mittal
    Water contamination is an emerging environmental problem. Nitrogen contamination negatively affects the environment and human health; therefore, strict regulations have been made on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds in wastewater effluents by many countries. Wastewater treatment is performed by converting nitrogen molecules into nontoxic dinitrogen gas using energy and cost-intensive biological processes. During municipal wastewater treatment, nitrogen is removed to prevent the eutrophication of streams and to maintain drinking water quality. Nitrogen is a necessary nutrient, and that is why the removal of nitrogen, as well as recovery, is important from wastewater, which can be further used in fertilizers and other purposes. We provide an overview of several wastewater treatment technologies, including physical, chemical, and biological processes with biological methods, including anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), bioelectrochemical systems, nitrification, denitrification, and nitrogen recovery by microalgal growth. The benefits, drawbacks, and possibilities for nitrogen recovery of various treatment approaches are also reviewed.