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    Overview of the Indian Economy and its Strategies for Growth Since 1950
    (Book Rivers, 2026) Adeel Maqbool, Noman Aziz Khan
    Since its independence in 1947, India has undergone a remarkable economic transformation, evolving from a stagnant colonial economy into one of the world's fastest-growing major economies. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of India’s economic development strategies from 1950 onward, highlighting key policy phases including state-led planning through Five-Year Plans, the liberalization reforms of 1991, and contemporary growth strategies focused on digitalization, infrastructure, and sustainability. It explores the transition from protectionist policies and public sector dominance to a marketoriented, globally integrated economy, emphasizing the role of technological innovation, foreign direct investment, and financial inclusion. Special attention is given to recent initiatives such as Digital India, Jan Dhan Yojana, and the National Solar Mission, which reflect India’s commitment to inclusive and sustainable growth. Despite significant progress, challenges such as inequality, youth unemployment, and climate change persist. The chapter concludes by underscoring the importance of balanced, forward-looking strategies that integrate economic efficiency with social equity and environmental responsibility in shaping India's economic future.
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    The Indirect Effect of Digitalisation And E-Commerce On Air Pollution
    (Book Rivers, 2025) Zia Afroz, Aiman Siddiqui
    Digitalisation means 'use o f online services o r technology', and E-Commerce means 'online shopping'. People started using online services to save time, but the COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the sector even more. Buyers started purchasing through online portals,which created employment opportunities and increased vehicle use, which increased air pollution i n urban areas. Secondly, the overuse of packaging material is also one of the causes of environmental degradation. Vehicle pollution is more dominant among other air pollution factors due to particulate matter (PM). Particulate matter (PM) refers to air pollutants that come in various sizes, measured in micrometers (um). These particles can pose significant health risks, especially those with smaller diameters like MI, PM2.5, and PM10. This paper aims t o study the indirect effects o f digitalization and e-commerce on air pollution results from changes in transportation patterns, packaging, and consumer behavior.
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    Digitalization and School Education: Transforming Learning in the 21st Century
    (CIRS PUBLICATION, 2025) Priyanshi Gupta
    Digitalization has rapidly transformed every aspect of human life, from how we communicate to how we work, shop, and learn. In the education sector, digitalization has revolutionized traditional teaching and learning practices, offering unprecedented opportunities for engagement, accessibility, and personalization. The 21st century has ushered in an era of rapid change, driven by technological advancements and evolving societal needs. Education, as a cornerstone of human development, has undergone significant transformations to meet the demands of this dynamic era. Education in the 21st century has undergone significant transformation, driven by rapid advancements in technology, societal shifts, and the demand for new skills. Traditional teaching methods are being reimagined to meet the needs of a dynamic, interconnected world. This transformation emphasizes innovation, equity, and adaptability in education systems globally.
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    Sustainable Educational Practices: Reimagining Learning for a Resilient Future
    (Book Rivers, 2025) Priyanshi Gupta
    In an era marked by ecological crises, social fragmentation, and rapid technological shifts, sustainable educational practices have emerged as a crucial paradigm for transforming the educational landscape. These practices aim to cultivate long-term, equitable, and ecologically conscious learning environments that promote critical thinking, inclusivity, and global responsibility. Rooted in the broader context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 4 (quality education), sustainable education fosters the development of learners who are prepared to tackle complex global challenges while contributing positively to their communities. This paper explores the theoretical underpinnings, core components, policy linkages, pedagogical innovations, and real-world applications of sustainable educational practices. Drawing on global examples and national frameworks such as India's National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the paper highlights how institutions can embrace sustainability through curriculum reform, teacher empowerment, infrastructural development, and community engagement. It also examines the challenges to sustainability in education, such as socio-economic disparities, digital divides, policy-practice gaps, and resource constraints. The study concludes that reorienting education around the principles of sustainability is not just an ethical imperative but a strategic necessity for shaping a more resilient, equitable, and inclusive future.