Faculty Publications

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Scholarly Publications by Integral Academia

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    Role of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching and Learning Chemical Sciences
    (Bentham Science Publishers Pte. Ltd. Singapore, 2024) Shahla Tanveer, Mariyam Tanveer, Ayesha Tanveer
    Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing our everyday tasks, and education has certainly not been left behind. AI harnesses technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and deep learning, to execute tasks and elevate our problem-solving capabilities. The infinite possibilities that arise due to interactions between atoms and molecules further leading to bond formation are nearly impossible for a human to comprehend. Thus, AI is playing a vital role in understanding chemistry by accelerating research, designing novel molecules, and optimizing processes. AI plays a diverse role, from assisting in drug discovery research to identifying new drug targets to supporting personalized learning experiences that aid students in their learning journeys. AI-powered adaptive learning system identifies a student’s performance and tailor the learning requirements accordingly. Students receive real-time feedback and personalised content helping them to understand the concepts more easily. AI is being used to develop interactive simulations and customized learning programs to help students learn chemistry more efficiently. Virtual laboratories driven by AI provide a safe and reachable environment for hands-on experience. This allows students to be inquisitive about chemical reactions, molecular structures, and their spectroscopic analysis in a risk-free environment. Some examples include Chat GPT, which helps create a customized learning experience for students while helping them answer their queries, an AI-powered tutoring system known as Socratic, which helps the students learn chemistry concepts, and Molecules in Motion (an AI-powered simulation) to inspect the behaviour of molecules. This chapter discusses how the union of AI and chemical sciences has accelerated innovation in the field of chemistry and can further improve learning outcomes.
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    Exploration of Advances in Sustainable Nanomaterials in Textile Industries
    (Springer Nature, 2024) Tahmeena Khan, Saman Raza, Shashi Bala
    The modern textile industry is observing a constant demand for novel and sustainable fabrics resulting in huge improvements in mechanical strength, texture and durability by infusing elements of nanotechnology. In recent times the advent of smart textiles has resulted from the combination of conventional materials with smart nanomaterials. Smart textiles or fabrics can adapt to different environmental conditions by altering their characteristic features accordingly. Nanotechnology is being explored to design sustainable fabrics which are infused with different prop- erties like microbial and ultraviolet resistance, hydrophobic, etc. This chapter aims to explore the recent advances in the field of textile designing via the conjugation of nanotechnology. The advances which are of great utility such as the introduction and functionalization of nanomaterials in textiles and the development of smart and cost-effective, efficient and wearable fibres for the fashion industry, personal and healthcare are summarized in the chapter. Along with the benefits, drawbacks like the nanotoxicity of the fabricated textiles and the remedial strategies are also discussed.
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    Green Nanotechnology for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability
    (Springer Nature, 2024) Sabeeha Jabeen, Tahmeena Khan, Adhish Jaiswal, Shashi Bala
    Green nanotechnology has emerged as a promising project that aims to integrate nanotechnology principles with environmental sustainability and emerged as a promising alternative for clean energy. In this chapter, the role of green nanotech-nology in overcoming the challenges of clean energy provision and environmental sustainability has been discussed. The chapter critically examines and highlights the potential environmental impacts associated with the use of nanomaterials (NPs) and covers different aspects of green nanotechnology in energy production such as solar cells, fuel cells, and electronic devices. The findings suggest that green nanotech-nology has great potential to solve energy crises, and may be further explored. The applications of green nanotechnology in the pursuit of environmental sustainability and the role of nanomaterials as catalysts in environmental remediation processes to remove pollutants from the air and water have also been included. The green fabri-cated nanomaterials can break down pollutants into harmless products or facilitate their removal by adsorption. Nanotechnology-based sensors are also used to monitor the environment in real time and help detect and reduce pollution. The adoption of green nanotechnology is effective in reducing energy consumption, increasing resource efficiency, and reducing environmental impact. Regulatory and respon- sible design processes are essential to protect human health and the environment throughout the lifecycle of nanotechnology products.
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    AI Tools for Teaching-Learning Chemistry
    (Bentham Science, 2024) Saman Raza, Satya, Tahmeena Khan, Manisha Singh
    Artificial Intelligence (AI) is quickly becoming ubiquitous, with applications in all spheres of life. The education sector is also not untouched, in fact students are now relying on AI tools for studying, doing homework, making assignments and reports, and preparing for exams. Teachers are also using AI tools to enhance classwork and assessments. The use of AI in chemistry education is rapidly growing and many AI tools are proving to be quite useful in this regard. However, chemistry being a vast subject with lots of concepts, laws, formulae, reactions, and applications, requires deep understanding and comprehension, which is a challenge for these tools as they are not always accurate and consistent in providing answers. The present chapter gives a brief account of the uses of AI in chemistry, with teaching-learning chemistry, in particular. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of using AI in cAbstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is quickly becoming ubiquitous, with applications in all spheres of life. The education sector is also not untouched, in fact students are now relying on AI tools for studying, doing homework, making assignments and reports, and preparing for exams. Teachers are also using AI tools to enhance classwork and assessments. The use of AI in chemistry education is rapidly growing and many AI tools are proving to be quite useful in this regard. However, chemistry being a vast subject with lots of concepts, laws, formulae, reactions, and applications, requires deep understanding and comprehension, which is a challenge for these tools as they are not always accurate and consistent in providing answers. The present chapter gives a brief account of the uses of AI in chemistry, with teaching-learning chemistry, in particular. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of using AI in cAbstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is quickly becoming ubiquitous, with applications in all spheres of life. The education sector is also not untouched, in fact students are now relying on AI tools for studying, doing homework, making assignments and reports, and preparing for exams. Teachers are also using AI tools to enhance classwork and assessments. The use of AI in chemistry education is rapidly growing and many AI tools are proving to be quite useful in this regard. However, chemistry being a vast subject with lots of concepts, laws, formulae, reactions, and applications, requires deep understanding and comprehension, which is a challenge for these tools as they are not always accurate and consistent in providing answers. The present chapter gives a brief account of the uses of AI in chemistry, with teaching-learning chemistry, in particular. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of using AI in chemistry education and how AI can be incorporated in classroom
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    A Brief History of the Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials
    (Apple Academic Press, 2024) Atif Husain, Malik Nasibullah
    Over the last few decades, green and sustainable processes have undergone a rapid metamorphosis into key strategic methods to address the majority of the drawbacks of conventional synthesis. Continual progression in the field of green synthesis has contributed vastly to the development of greener pathways leading to the establishment of newer, efficient, cleaner pathways at no cost of environmental sustainability. To overcome these, a search for a reliant and environmentally friendly pathway by minimizing the use of potentially hazardous substances and adherence to “green synthesis”, processes is the need of the hour. In establishing these pathways in the exploitation of environmentally friendly synthesis approaches, there is a brighter scope in the nurturance of remedial measures for the environment paving the way for nanoremediation. This necessity has become a driving factor in the creation of new research achievements in the same sector in creating a new, eco-friendly, and regenerative platform for both nanoremediation and green chemistry. Despite the tremendous development of this sector over the last 10 years, it is continuously growing with more effect. Because nanotechnology is multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary, the relationship between green chemistry and sustainability has shown to be a good element. Thus, the confluence of three major domains of research, namely Green Chemistry, Nanotechnology, and Sustainability, produces enhanced, unique, and much better necessary areas of study to cope with a decrease in environmental repercussions.
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    Plant Response to Gold Nanoparticles in Terms of Growth, Development, Production, and Protection: An Overview
    (Springer Nature, 2024) Satya, Tahmeena Khan, Kulsum Hashmi, Saman Raza, Sakshi Gupta, Seema Joshi
    The specialized chemical and physical characteristics of nanoparticles make them quite different from bulk materials and therefore useful in nearly every aspect of life. A great deal of research has also gone into how they interact with living systems, as well as how they affect their physiology, morphology, and biochemistry. Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in agriculture to improve seed germination, encourage plant growth, and shield crops from biotic stress. Studies have shown that a variety of NPs from the environment can enter plants, accumulate there, and subsequently go up the food chain. Silver, gold, copper, titanium, iron, and zincbased metallic nanoparticles are frequently utilized in agriculture to promote plant growth and yield. The potential of metallic NPs in protecting plants, promoting development, detecting diseases, and identifying pesticide and herbicide residues has been highlighted by recent studies. Different NPs bring about different changes in the plants. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained immense popularity and are the most researched NPs due to their wide range of commercial applications, ease of synthesis, unique optical properties, chemical stability, and non-toxicity. The use of AuNPs in agriculture, specifically for plant growth and development, has been elucidated in this chapter. The interactions between AuNPs and the biota have also been described in detail in this chapter.
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    Carbon Allotropes Past to Present Aspects
    (CRC Press, 2024) Chandra Shekhar Yadav, Iqbal Azad, Abdul Rahman Khan, Prashant Singh
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    Mitigation of Metal Toxicity in Plants Using Silver Nanoparticles
    (Springer Nature, 2024) Kulsum Hashmi, Tahmeena Khan, Saman Raza, Seema Joshi
    Certain metals like Ca, Mg, Cu, and Fe are essential for plant growth while several others, like As, Cd, and Pb are not; the presence of these metals in soilc above a certain threshold concentration is toxic to plants. They lead to several cellular and structural changes in the plants by increasing oxidative stress and modifications in certain metabolic pathways. The plant in turn responds to this stress by several methods like increasing the production of antioxidants and other enzymes. Metal toxicity hampers water uptake, nutrient assimilation and consequently plant growth. As a result, there is a decrease in plant productivity as well as quality, leading to financial loss for the farmers and health problems for the consumers. Several methods are used for the remediation of this toxicity in the soil and the plants, including leaching, use of chelators, phytoremediation, etc. However, most of these techniques have drawbacks like being expensive, hazardous to the environment, unsuitable for varied use and not being target specific. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a safe and effective tool with many desirable outcomes. Its use is being explored in agriculture as well, with nanoparticles being employed in soil fertilizers, disease management and removal of toxins. This chapter describes in detail, the effect of metal toxicity in plants and the use of nanoparticles, for its remediation. AgNPs are of particular interest here, owing to their beneficial effects on plants which have been widely investigated.
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    Comparative Study of the Technologies used in Contact and Spatial Repellent
    (Rubicon Publications, 2025) Md. Rageeb Md. Usman, Farogh Ahsan, Shahzadi Bano, Abdul Rahman Khan, Jamal Akhtar Ansari ,Tarique Mahmood
    The use of repellent technologies has become increasingly pivotal in combating vectors that pose significant health risks to human populations. In particular, the differentiation between contact and spatial repellents has garnered attention due to their distinct mechanisms of action and applications. This comparative study delves into the intricacies of these repellent technologies, elucidating their modes of operation, efficacy, environmenta impact, and potential for integration into public health strategies. The study begins by providing a comprehensive overview of contact repellents, exploring the mechanisms by which they deter vector contact with hosts. This section examines the chemical compounds commonly employed in contact repellents, such as Deet, picaridin, and permethrin, and assesses their effectiveness against various vectors, including mosquitoes, ticks, and flies. Additionally, factors influencing the duration and potency of contact repellents are analyzed, encompassing variables such as concentration, formulation, and application methods. Subsequently, the study transitions to an in-depth examination of spatial repellents, which act by creating an area of protection against vectors, deterring their entry into defined spaces. The discussion encompasses a range of spatial repellent technologies, including pyrethroid-treated nets, spatial repellent candles, and emanators releasing volatile compounds. The efficacy of these spatial repellents in different environmental contexts is scrutinized, alongside considerations regarding their deployment in indoor and outdoor settings. This comparative study provides a holistic appraisal of the technologies employed in contact and spatial repellents, offering insights into their respective roles, challenges, and future directions. By elucidating the mechanisms and applications of these repellent strategies, this study aims to inform policymakers, public health.
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    Comprehending Membrane Fouling: Causes, Effects, and Mitigation Strategies
    (Springer Nature, 2025) Saimah Khan, Zeba Ali Mumtaj, Abdul Rahman Khan, Amadur Rahman Khan, Roohul Abad Khan
    Membrane technology has emerged as a critical component in water treatment, wastewater reclamation, and food processing due to its efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Membrane fouling is one of the ongoing issues preventing its widespread use, though. Membrane fouling is the term used to describe the buildup of undesirable materials on the membrane's surface or inside its pores, which results in lower performance and higher operating expenses. The objective of this study is to present a thorough analysis of membrane fouling, emphasizing its causes, effects, and preventative measures. First, it discusses the various mechanisms that contribute to membrane fouling, such as physical deposition, adsorption, and biological growth. Comprehending these mechanisms is essential to formulating efficacious fouling control tactics. Second, the effects of membrane fouling on system efficiency and viability from an economic standpoint are explained. Fouling can have a number of negative effects, including decreased flux rates, higher energy consumption, and frequent membrane replacement or cleaning cycles. These effects highlight the necessity of taking preventative action to minimize fouling. Finally, a variety of mitigation techniques to stop membrane fouling are examined. These tactics cover surface modifications, chemical cleaning, backwashing, and sophisticated monitoring and control methods, among other preventive and corrective measures. Furthermore, new developments are examined, including the application of nanomaterials and bio-inspired coatings for fouling mitigation.