Faculty Publications
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Scholarly Publications by Integral Academia
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Item Phytochemicals and Therapeutic Potential(Book Rivers, 2026) Ambareen Fatima AhmedItem Mucuna Pruriens Chemical Constituents as Potent Male Anti- Infertility Agent(Zenodo, 2026) Anam Saleem, Abdul Rahman Khan, Jamal Akhtar AnsariThe inability of a couple to conceive even after a year of frequent unprotected sexual activity is commonly referred to as infertility. The decline in male reproductive efficacy is increasingly attributed to molecular imbalances within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and the accumulation of oxidative stressors. While synthetic interventions are available current chemical research is pivoting toward natural product scaffolds for their multi target functionality. Among these Mucuna pruriens stands out due to its high concentration of L-DOPA (L-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine), a non-protein amino acid that serves as a critical biochemical precursor to dopamine. This abstract examines the chemical mechanisms by which M. pruriens constituents mitigate infertility by modulating steroidogenesis and neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The therapeutic efficacy of Mucuna pruriens is primarily driven by the structural bioavailability of its L-Dopa content. Chemically L-Dopa crosses the blood brain barrier and undergoes decarboxylation to dopamine which inhibits the release of prolactin, a peptide hormone that in excess, suppresses testosterone biosynthesis. By maintaining the chemical homeostasis of dopamine Mucuna extracts facilitate the upregulation of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). Furthermore, phytochemical screening of Mucuna seeds reveals a complex matrix of alkaloids polyphenols and tocopherols. These molecules possess high electron donating potential allowing them to scavenge hydroxyl and superoxide radicals within the seminal environment thereby protecting the integrity of the sperm's polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) membranes from lipid peroxidation. To ensure clinical reproducibility analytical standardization of these extracts is paramount. Advanced techniques such as Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP- HPLC) are utilized to quantify L-Dopa levels often using a mobile phase of dilute phosphoric acid or methanol to achieve sharp peak resolution. Additionally Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is employed to map the broader "chemical fingerprint" of the seed, identifying secondary metabolites that may act synergistically with L-Dopa to enhance its stability. In conclusion, the integration of Mucuna pruriens into fertility treatments represents a sophisticated application of bio-organic chemistry where specific plant derived molecular structures are leveraged to restore systemic hormonal balance and protect cellular DNA.Item Current Issues of Using Medicinal Plants in Pharmacology, Medicines and Food Industry(Tashkent Institute of Chemical Technology, 2026) Jamal Akhtar Ansari, Anjali ChaturvediMedicinal plants have won full significance in the pharmacology, medicine and meal business due to their healing ability, natural basis and increasing customer preference for plant-based total products. Despite their widespread use, many challenges persist to limit their safe and powerful use. The gift explores opinions on primary problems associated with the use of medicinal plants in pharmaceutical formulations, health products, nutritional and food systems. A comprehensive assessment of medical literature, regulatory advisories, and commercial reports was conducted to grasp key concerns. The findings show that variability in phytochemical composition, adulteration, heavy metal contamination, pesticide residues, microbial pathogens, and lack of standardization are a number of the fundamental demanding situations affecting product quality and efficacy. Furthermore, incomplete scientific evidence, inconsistent regulatory frameworks, and unacceptable first-rate manipulative practices detract from the worldwide reputation of natural products. The food industry faces several issues related to protection assessment, labeling accuracy, bioactive ingredient stability, and consumer awareness. Environmental issues, including overharvesting and lack of biodiversity, similarly threaten the sustainable use of medicinal plants. Advanced analytical strategies, harmonized rules, verified quality-manipulating tactics, and sustainable cultivation strategies are critical to addressing these demanding situations. The have a look to highlight the desire for multidisciplinary tactics to ensure the protection, efficacy, and sustainability of medicinal plant-based products across the pharmaceutical and food sectors.Item Phytochemical-Mediated Nanomaterials for Optical Sensing Applications: Emerging Trends and Future Prospects(Tashkent Institute of Chemical Technology, 2026) Sobia Siddiqui, Tahmeena KhanPhytochemical-mediated synthesis offers a sustainable and eco-friendly way to produce nanomaterials (NMs) with better optical properties. Plant-based biomolecules such as polyphenols, flavonoids, proteins, and polysaccharides naturally help reduce and stabilize nanoparticles, resulting in more stable products and less environmental harm. These green NMs have strong optical properties, making them useful for sensing. This review highlights recent progress in the use of phytochemical- based NMs for optical sensing, such as colorimetric, fluorescence, and optical fiber methods. These approaches enable sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules, metal ions, and pollutants, with rapid results and low cost. Despite progress, challenges such as differences among plant extracts, reproducibility issues, and production limits persist. Still, advances in green nanotechnology are likely to make portable, real-time sensing devices possible for environmental and medical uses.Item Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from green coconut shell(Book Rivers, 2026) Poornima Singh, Rahul SinghCoconut is a tropical fruit widely consumed across many countries. In numerous households, green coconut shells account for more than 60% of total waste by volume. These shells are primarily composed of lignin and cellulose—components similar to those found in wood—making them suitable for phytochemical extraction. To analyse these phytochemicals, ultrasound-assisted extraction was performed under varying conditions, including extraction times (10, 20, and 30 minutes), temperatures (30°C, 35°C, and 40°C), and solid-to-solvent ratios (1:10, 1:20, and 1:30). Optimization of the extraction process was achieved using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Quantitative analysis of the extracts confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, all of which contribute to notable antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The results showed total phenolic content (TPC) ranging from 7.08 to 33.46 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content (TFC) from 2.09 to 28.46 mg QAE/g, and total tannin content (TTC) from 70.5 to 141.09 mg TAE/g. The antioxidant activity ranged from 49.98% to 66.1%. The antimicrobial activity was also significant, with inhibition zones against E. coli ranging from 3.7 to 9.6 mm and against S. aureus from 5.8 to 11 mm.Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of functional groups such as O-H, C=O, and C-H. Additionally, the optimized conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction were compared to those of microwave-assisted extraction (300 watts for 2 minutes), and the ultrasound method yielded superior results.Item A Review on Major Phytochemicals Benefits for Environment & Human Health(Vivekanandha Arts and Science College for Women, NH-47, Salem-Kovai express highway ,Veerachipalyam, Sankagiri - west(Po.),Sankagiri (Tk.), Salem (Dt.), Tamilnadu – 637 303, India, 2026) Irfan Aziz, Mohammad UsamaPhytochemicals are bioactive compounds present in plants. These include carotenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, isoprenoids, polyphenols, and carotenoids. Scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals and its beneficial impact on human health. They play a major role as antioxidants, anti inflammatory agents, modulating metabolic functions and as immune boosters. They are helping in mitigating oxidative stress and prevention of diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cancer and cardiovascular problems. Nowadays, foods containing phytochemicals are also used as a constituent i.e. functional foods and the concentrated form of phytochemicals i.e. nutraceuticals are used as a preventive measure or cure for many diseases. The health benefits of these phytochemicals depend on their purity and structural stability. This is the reason for popularization of these phytochemicals in nutraceutical industry. Phytochemicals are also reported to be used in environment as an eco-friendly pest control, bioremediation, and for understanding plant adaptation to climate change.Item Unveiling the Chemistry: Herb Drug Interaction(Bentham Science, 2025) Pushpendra Soni, Shom Prakash Kushwaha, Syed Misbahul Hasan, Abdul Hafeez, Akash VedHerb-drug Interactions have been of concern in the area of pharmaceutical chemistry, as most people nowadays use herbs and drugs together. This chapter explores the mechanisms of herb-drug interactions and their critical impact on drug efficacy, safety, and personalized treatment outcomes. Although herbs are natural, they do contain active ingredients such as terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. These substances can significantly alter drug metabolism, affecting the speed and effectiveness of medications. The major chemical compounds found in the herbs may alter the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the related drugs. It focuses on the primary mechanisms of these interactions, including the effects on enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450 inhibition or induction, as well as interference with transporter proteins involved in drug distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Due to this new tactic, analytical merits are essential for exploring these interactions, and designing LC-MS/MS, HPLC, and NMR spectrometry is important for better understanding. These methods are necessary for the effective identification of different herbal components and their potential interactions with drug actions. However, there is still an extensive research deficit, especially regarding the use of multiple herbs in a given formulation and the variation in the composition of the active compounds. This chapter fills these gaps with the current data and emphasizes the need for a more thorough analysis and the development of prognosis models. All such advancements are crucial for precisely predicting interactions and formulating procedures for safely using herbal supplements with pharmaceutical products. Its primary goal is to enhance the safety and effectiveness of combined treatments, thereby improving clinical practice and advancing individualized medicine. From this chapter, we should be able to understand the chemical processes involved in most herbal drug interactions and their effect on patients' health.Item Natural Compounds as Epigenetic Modulators to Treat Neurodegenerative Disorders(Springer, Singapore, 2025) Mohammad Rumman, Mohsin Vahid KhanNeurodegenerative disorders largely affect individuals at an advanced age; however, early-onset neurodegenerative diseases have also been reported. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, along with Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The etiology and pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders are diverse; however, dysregulated epigenetic modifications have frequently been observed in these disorders. In AD, DNA methylation is extensively suppressed in the neuronal cells of the affected regions. Similarly, abnormal DNA methylation pattern has been associated with dopaminergic neuron degeneration in PD. Besides, alterations in histone modification patterns have also been reported in the brains of animal models as well individuals with neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, targeting the epigenetic regulators is one of the strategies for managing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. Plant-derived natural compounds hold an immense potential in the field of drug discovery, as these compounds are abundantly available and exhibit minimal to no side effects. The anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, and anti-obesity qualities of these substances have all been thoroughly investigated. Mechanistically, these natural compounds can modulate diverse cellular processes, including transcription, oxidative stress, translation, cellular trafficking, and post-translational modification. A large group of herbal natural compounds are shown to regulate the activity of several epigenetic regulators. By modulating the activity of specific epigenetic regulators, these natural compounds can revert the epigenetic signatures, thereby preventing neurodegenerative disease progression. This chapter discusses the possible role of natural compounds as epigenetic modulators in neurodegenerative conditions.