Climate change, with its unpredictable weather patterns and environmental shifts, poses a significant threat to global food systems. This chapter explores the intricate relationship between climate-smart crops, plant-based nutrition, and the overarching goal of achieving nutritional security. This chapter aims to elucidate the principles of climate-smart agriculture, delve into the nutritional benefits of plant-based diets, and underscore the crucial role these elements play in ensuring nutritional security for populations worldwide.