Navigating AI Regulations: A Global Outlook with a Special Focus on India

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has raised significant concerns regarding its ethical use, data privacy, and regulatory oversight. As AI becomes deeply integrated into various sectors, governments worldwide are formulating governance frameworks to ensure responsible and transparent AI deployment. This chapter explores the global landscape of AI regulations, highlighting key policies from leading economies such as the European Union, the United States, and China. It provides an in-depth analysis of India’s evolving AI regulatory approach, with a special focus on the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023 and its implications for AI governance. The chapter also examines crucial aspects such as data privacy, bias mitigation, accountability, transparency, and ethical AI deployment. It also delves into India’s strategy in balancing innovation with regulation, comparing its stance with global best practices. Furthermore, the chapter also addresses challenges in AI governance, including enforcement gaps, the role of regulatory bodies, and potential future developments. By providing a comparative analysis of AI regulations, this chapter offers insights into how India can shape a robust and forward-looking AI policy framework while aligning with international standards.