Sustainable Agriculture and Microbial Diversity: A Symbiotic Relationship

Abstract

Sustainable agriculture today relies extensively on the soil microbiome, which is an assembly of microbes in the soil. Despite being the most varied collection of creatures found in soil, our understanding of microbes is still quite restricted. Microbes support plant growth by numerous process like nitrogen fixation, mineralization, solubilization, and nutrient mobilization. In addition, they generate antibiotics, siderophores, antagonistic chemicals, and hormones [gibberellin and auxin] that stimulate plant growth. Numerous plant species collaborate with microorganisms to obtain mineral nutrients while using the least amount of energy possible. Moreover, it is possible to separate, combine, and create biofertilizers a novel class of biological product from microorganisms that are essential to the soil microbiome. The future of sustainable agriculture is being shaped by innovations pertaining to microbiomes. Improved knowledge regarding ecology of soil microbes can improve land management techniques. The goal of low-input agriculture is to reduce the use of artificial fertilizers and pesticides while increasing long-term yield. Thus by using the potential of the soil microbiome promotes sustainable agriculture and safer environments, both of which are beneficial to human health.