EXPERT SYSTEM, E-AGRICULTURE AND M-AGRICULTURE

Abstract

Expert System, e-Agriculture, and m-Agriculture are innovative ICT-based approaches transforming modern agricultural extension and farm management. Expert systems use artificial intelligence to provide farmers with instant, location-specific advice on crop management, pest control, and soil health. e-Agriculture involves the application of digital technologies such as the internet, GIS, and data analytics to improve agricultural productivity, information sharing, and decision-making. m-Agriculture, on the other hand, utilizes mobile phones and wireless communication to deliver real-time information on weather, market prices, and government schemes directly to farmers. Together, these tools empower farmers with accurate, timely, and need-based information, reducing dependency on traditional extension services. They enhance efficiency, promote sustainable practices, and support rural livelihoods. However, issues like limited digital literacy and infrastructure gaps remain challenges. Strengthening these ICT tools can significantly contribute to knowledge-driven and sustainable agricultural development.