Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Andrographis Paniculata: Phytochemical Insights and Biomedical Implications

Abstract

Oxidative stress and cancer continue to pose major challenges to global health, contributing significantly to illness and death worldwide. Growing concerns over the adverse effects of synthetic drugs have intensified interest in natural, plant-based remedies. This chapter presents an in-depth overview of the antioxidant and anticancer potential of Andrographis paniculata, commonly referred to as the "King of Bitters." It delves into the biochemical basis of oxidative stress, the therapeutic relevance of antioxidants, and the crucial role of natural compounds in cancer prevention and therapy. Additionally, the chapter discusses the phytochemical constituents, traditional applications, and pharmacological benefits of A. paniculata, particularly its anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal, and anticancer effects. Emphasis is placed on the need for further targeted research to substantiate its clinical effectiveness and safety, underscoring its promise in the development of innovative therapeutic agents.