Nanomaterials in Controlling Plant Pests, Pathogens, and Associated Risk

Abstract

Worldwide crop yield loss is significantly influenced by insect pests and plant diseases. Their management is tedious and challenging because of the limitations in early diagnosis, broad host range, and soil stability. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an innovative and efficient method of control to prevent the losses caused by insect pests and diseases that affect plants. The basis of present plant disease management strategies, which have the potential to upset the balance of nature, is the use of chemicals. An effective solution to the difficulties in recognizing and managing soil-borne plant disease has been offered by nanotechnology. Presently, use of nanotechnology for the control of diseases and insect pests involves utilizing a range of methods,