Role of Flavonoids in Inflammatory Lung Disorders

Abstract

Inflammatory lung disorders include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Due to their chronic nature, these conditions are a huge burden to the global health environment. These conditions have fewer options for therapy. Flavonoids, a diverse group of polyphenolic compounds found in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants, have emerged as promising agents in modulating inflammatory pathways associated with these disorders. This chapter covers the biochemical mechanisms involved in flavonoid activity, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory action. Through inhibition of main inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, ROS, and NF-κB, flavonoids may decrease inflammatory and oxidative stress reactions within the lungs, thereby preventing damage in lung tissue. The work reviews clinical and preclinical studies conducted on the effectiveness of specific flavonoids, including quercetin, hesperidin, and naringin, that have shown potential in diminishing symptoms and improving lung condition. Finally, challenges in the translation of flavonoid research into clinical practice, bioavailability and standardization among them, are discussed. This comprehensive analysis underlines the potential of flavonoids as adjunctive therapies in inflammatory lung disorders, offering new avenues for treatment and prevention strategies.