Biological Processes for Food Waste Treatment

Abstract

Biological processes offer sustainable solutions for food waste treatment, addressing the escalating environmental challenges associated with waste management. This chapter explores various biological methods, including decomposition, anaerobic digestion, fermentation, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fuel cells. Composting techniques, such as traditional composting and vermicomposting, offer efficient organic waste decomposition, while anaerobic digestion harnesses microorganisms to convert waste into biogas. Fermentation processes like Bokashi and yeast fermentation demonstrate potential for resource recovery and energy generation. Enzymatic hydrolysis facilitates the breakdown of complex organic compounds, aiding in waste digestion. Moreover, microbial fuel cells present an innovative approach to simultaneously treat waste and generate electricity. As we delve into future perspectives, it becomes evident that these biological methods hold promise for sustainable waste management practices. By integrating these techniques into existing waste management frameworks, environmental impact can be mitigated, fostering a circular economy paradigm.