Cytokines and insulin sensitivity

Abstract

Cytokine and insulin sensitivity plays crucial role in chronic inflammatory disorder known as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Here we highlights the evidences of association of cytokines and insulin sensitivity as facilitators of abnormal immune response that leads to hyperglycemia, cardiovascular risk, autoimmune diseases, obesity and renal dysfunction issues. Cytokines are proteins that behave as messenger to prevent inflammation in the body but inadequate regulation can cause inflammation in the body. We will be discussing about classification of cytokines and their significance as well as understanding the objective of quantification of it in order to get broader prospects of the levels required for an effective immune response. However, it is very challenging to measure the levels of insulin and ongoing research in the quantification section is in investigation stage. Similarly, adequate insulin production facilitates balanced metabolism and therefore insulin sensitivity can spark the onset of diabetes and other metabolic disorder. Additionally, we will discuss about the molecular mechanism and factors of insulin sensitivity and how some organs do not respond to insulin thus in turn it suppress the functions of glucose in the body. Furthermore, we will elaborate about the status of molecular biomarker of cytokines and how they play an important part in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes. So, here we will discuss different therapeutic strategies and perspectives to improve insulin sensitivity and inflammatory effects of cytokines. This chapter explores the significance, role, classification and how targeting cytokines and insulin sensitivity can help in the scope of development of new drugs that could benefit in the regulation of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.