Development of Green Carbon Dots for the Detection of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater

Abstract

The rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to the emergence of various contaminants in wastewater, posing significant environmental and health concerns. This chapter explores the development of Green Carbon Dots (GCDs) as a novel and sustainable nanomaterial for the detection of emerging contaminants in wastewater. Green synthesis methods, emphasizing environmentally friendly approaches, are discussed, highlighting the importance of tailoring GCD properties for efficient sensing applications. The optical properties, surface chemistry, and biocompatibility of GCDs are elucidated, showcasing their potential as versatile nanoprobes. The chapter provides an overview of common emerging contaminants in wastewater, discussing their environmental impact and the limitations of traditional detection methods. The detection mechanisms involving the interaction between GCDs and emerging contaminants are detailed, focusing on the principles of sensitivity and selectivity for accurate analysis. Applications of GCDs in detecting pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and microplastics are explored through case studies, emphasizing successful real-world implementations and comparative analyses with traditional methods. Challenges in the use of GCDs for wastewater sensing are addressed, along with strategies for overcoming limitations and improving performance. Furthermore, the chapter delves into the environmental and regulatory considerations associated with the detection of emerging contaminants, discussing the implications.