The Natural Roots of Human Consciousness

Abstract

"Science, as a method of rational understanding, addresses the challenge of constructing an objective representation of the world. The methodological principles guiding research enable scientists to articulate the fundamental laws governing the universe. However, specific scientific subjects necessitate a distinct methodology for their exploration. One such intricate subject is human consciousness. The challenge faced by scientists and philosophers in studying consciousness lies in the fact that it is both the object and the subject of its inquiry. Human consciousness is not only a product of natural evolution but also serves as the primary instrument for comprehending its principles. Within the scientific framework, humans are regarded as the pinnacle of evolutionary development, with consciousness serving as the distinct characteristic that separates humans from other animals. Nevertheless, this distinction may be more arbitrary than it seems, as consciousness and the entirety of human spiritual life may have entirely material, or natural, foundations."