The Indirect Effect of Digitalisation And E-Commerce On Air Pollution

Abstract

Digitalisation means 'use o f online services o r technology', and E-Commerce means 'online shopping'. People started using online services to save time, but the COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the sector even more. Buyers started purchasing through online portals,which created employment opportunities and increased vehicle use, which increased air pollution i n urban areas. Secondly, the overuse of packaging material is also one of the causes of environmental degradation. Vehicle pollution is more dominant among other air pollution factors due to particulate matter (PM). Particulate matter (PM) refers to air pollutants that come in various sizes, measured in micrometers (um). These particles can pose significant health risks, especially those with smaller diameters like MI, PM2.5, and PM10. This paper aims t o study the indirect effects o f digitalization and e-commerce on air pollution results from changes in transportation patterns, packaging, and consumer behavior.